Q; After going through the fawas of many scholars i have come to the conclusion that one should not raise his hands in supplication after a prayer. (Note: I am aware that some scolars allowed it). Now my question is " If i should not raise hands in supplication after payers, and i should make dua in the prayer either after the 1st takbeer and before Fatiha or in the Ruku, or after standing up for Ruku or in Prostration or after reciting the Darood and before Tasleem. Now, i am a Non Arab. What if i want to pray for my exam,or my parents or anything else. How will i supplicate that in prayer? Can i make supplications in prayer in my own language? If not then do i have to learn Arabic for that?
A; All-Praise is due to Allah,
Du'aa should be made at anytime one likes, obviously there are certain times that it is more preferred and there are other situations where it is impermissible.
Sheikh Muhammed Saalih Al-Munajid said, It is important to note that du’aa’ is an act of worship, and every act of worship should only be done on the basis of evidence (daleel). The basic principle here is that the hands should be raised when making du’aa’, except when the du’aa’ is part of another act of worship, in which case raising the hands is regarded as an additional action (and should not be done). Examples of such acts of worship include salaah (prayer), khutbah (sermon), tawaaf (circumambulation of the Ka’bah), sa’ee (running between al-Safaa and Marwah), etc. Salaah includes du’aa’ at the beginning of the prayer, in rukoo’ (bowing), when standing up from rukoo’, in the two sajdahs (prostrations) and in the sitting between the two prostrations – but whoever raises his hands in these places is considered to have committed an act of bid’ah (reprehensible innovation). The same applies to raising the hands when making du’aa’ on the minbar, except in the case of istisqaa’ (praying for rain). And the same applies when making du’aa’ when doing tawaaf or sa’ee. End of quote.
(See Islam Q&A Fatwa: 11543)
With regards to saying Du'aa in other languages, Shaykh ‘Abd al-Kareem al-Khudayr said:
Making du’aa’ in English or in any other language is permissible outside of salaah (prayer). But it is not permissible to say any part of the salaah in any language other than Arabic, according to the majority of scholars.
But if the Muslim can stick to Arabic in all cases, especially in acts of worship – and du’aa’ is an act of worship – that is preferable and is better.
(See Islam Q&A Fatwa: 11588)
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah said: It is permissible to make du’aa’ in Arabic and in languages other than Arabic. Allaah knows the intention of the supplicant and what he wants, no matter what language he speaks, because He hears all the voices in all different languages, asking for all kinds of needs.
Majmoo’ al-Fataawa, 22/488-489.
What the Sheikh is referring to in the above Fatwa is Du'aa made outside of Prayer.
Du'aa is best at the time between the Adhaan and Iqaamah, because it is the time that where Du'aa is excepted .
It was narrated that Anas said: The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Du’aa’ is not rejected between the adhaan and iqaamah, so make du’aa’.”
(Narrated by al-Tirmidhi, 212; Abu Dawood, 437; Ahmad, 12174 – this version narrated by him. Classed as saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh Abi Dawood, 489).
As for the best time for one to make Du'aa in Prayer is in Sujood (prostration).
Abu Hurairah narrated that Allahs Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him), said: 'The nearest a slave can be to his Lord is when he is prostrating, so invoke (supplicate) Allah much in it.
(Muslim, abu Dawud, an-Nasa'i and others, and is graded authentic by Al-Albaani in Sahih al-Jami 1175)
It was also narrated that after reciting the prayers seeking refuge, a person may recite any good du’aa’ he wishes, and may ask Allaah for anything he wishes of the good things of this world and the next. Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him) said: the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “When any one of you recites the Tashahhud, let him seek refuge with Allaah from four things – from the punishment of Hell, the punishment of the grave, the trials of life and death, and the evils of the Dajjaal, then let him pray for himself for whatever he wants.” (Narrated by al-Nasaa’i, 1293).
As for making Du'aa in Rukoo there are specific Du'aa that are mentioned in the sunnah (besides Subhaana Rabbiyal-'Adheem), and they are as followed:
Subhaanaka Allaahumma Rabbanaa wa bihamdika Allaahum-maghfir lee.
Glory is to You, O Allah, our Lord, and praise is Yours. O Allah, forgive me.
(Al-Bukhari 1/99, Muslim 1/350.)
Subboohun, Quddoosun, Rabbul-malaa'ikati warrooh.
Glory (to You), Most Holy (are You), Lord of the angels and the Spirit.
(Muslim 1/353, Abu Dawud 1/230.)
Allaahumma laka raka'tu, wa bika 'aamantu, wa laka 'aslamtu khasha'a laka sam'ee, wa basaree, wa mukhkhee, wa 'adhmee, wa 'asabee, wa mastaqalla bihi qadamee.
O Allah, to You I bow (in prayer) and in You I believe and to You I have submitted. Before You my hearing is humbled, as is my sight, my mind, my bones, my nerves and what my feet have mounted upon (for travel).
(Muslim 1/534, Abu Dawud, An-Nasa'i and At-Tirmithi.)
Subhaana thil-jabarooti, walmalakooti, walkibriyaa'i, wal adhamati.
Glory is to You, Master of power, of dominion, of majesty and greatness.
(Abu Dawud 1/230, An-Nasa'i and Ahmad. Its chain of narration is good [Hasan])
As for making Du'aa in sujood there are specific Du'aa that are mentioned in the sunnah (besides Subhaana Rabbiyal-A'laa), and they are as followed:
Subhaanaka Allaahumma Rabbanaa wa bihamdika Allaahum-maghfir lee.
Glory is to You, O Allah, our Lord, and praise is Yours. O Allah, forgive me.
(Al-Bukhari and Muslim,)
Subboohun, Quddoosun, Rabbul-malaa'ikati warrooh.
Glory (to You), Most Holy (are You), Lord of the angels and the Spirit
(Muslim 1/533)
Allaahumma laka sajadtu wa bika 'aamantu, wa laka 'aslamtu, sajada wajhiya lillathee khalaqahu, wa sawwarahu, wa shaqqa sam'ahu wa basarahu, tabaarakallaahu 'ahsanul-khaaliqeen.
O Allah, to You I prostrate myself and in You I believe. To You I have submitted. My face is prostrated to the One Who created it, fashioned it, and gave it hearing and sight. Blessed is Allah, the Best of creators.
(Muslim 1/534 and others.)
Subhaana thil-jabarooti, walmalakooti, walkibriyaa'i, wal' adhamati.
Glory is to You, Master of power, of dominion, of majesty and greatness.
(Abu Dawud 1/230, An-Nasa'i, Ahmad. See also Al-Albaani, Sahih Abu Dawud 1/166)
Allaahum-maghfir lee thanbee kullahu, diqqahu wa jillahu, wa 'awwalahu wa 'aakhirahu wa 'alaaniyatahu wa sirrahu.
O Allah, forgive me all my sins, great and small, the first and the last, those that are apparent and those that are hidden.
(Muslim 1/350.)
Allaahumma 'innee 'a'oothu biridhaaka min sakhatika, wa bimu'aafaatika min 'uqoobatika wa 'a'oothu bika minka, laa 'uhsee thanaa'an 'alayka 'Anta kamaa 'athnayta 'alaa nafsika.
O Allah, I seek protection in Your pleasure from Your anger, and I seek protection in Your forgiveness from Your punishment. I seek protection in You from You. I cannot count Your praises. You are as You have praised Yourself.
(Muslim 1/352.)
And Allah knows best…
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